http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc

The Forward Bloc of the Indian National Congress was formed on 3 May 1939 by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, who had resigned from the presidency of the Indian National Congress on April 29 after being outmanœuvred by Gandhi. The formation of the Forward Bloc was announced to the public at a rally in Calcutta. Initially the aim of the Forward Bloc was to rally all the leftwing sections within the Congress and develop an alternative leadership inside the Congress. Bose became the president of the Forward Bloc and S.S. Cavesheer its vice-president. A Forward Bloc Conference was held in Bombay in the end of June. At that conference the constitution and programme of the Forward Bloc were approved.^[1] In July 1939 Subhas Chandra Bose announced the Committee of the Forward Bloc. It had Subhas Chandra Bose as president, S.S. Cavesheer from Punjab as its vice-president, Lal Shankarlal from Delhi, as its general secretary and Pandit B Tripathi and Khurshed Nariman from Bombay as secretaries.

Post-war reorganization

At the end of the war, the Forward Bloc was reorganized. In February 1946 R.S. Ruiker organised an All India Active Workers Conference at Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. The conference declared the formation of the 'FB Workers Assembly', in practice the legal cover of the still illegal Forward Bloc. Notably some leading communists from Bombay, like K.N. Joglekar and Soli Batliwalli, joined the 'FB Workers Assembly'. The Workers Assembly conference declared that the "Forward Bloc is a Socialist Party, accepting the theory of class struggle in its fullest implications and a programme of revolutionary mass action for the attainment of Socialism leading to a Classless Society."^[6]

The Ahead of the 1946 assembly elections the ban on the Bloc was lifted in June that year. The Working Committee of the Forward Bloc met on June 10.^[7]

Elections to the Constituent Assembly and to provincial legislatures were held in December 1946. The Forward Bloc contested the elections. H.V. Kamath won a seat in the Constituent Assembly and Jyotish Chandra Ghosh, Hemantha Kumar Basu and Lila Roy were elected to the Bengal Legislative Assembly.^[8]

However, the Bloc was clearly divided along ideological lines. One section was influenced by Marxism whereas the other upheld 'Subhasism', a syncretic ideology consisting of socialism, nationalism and Indian spiritualism.

Azad Hind Fauz Plaque : This wooden plaque was manufactured in 1773 and was captured during Goa operations. In January 1962 as adhoc Ord Depot under Comd of late Maj (later Col) AW Shrauti moved to Goa for taking over Portugese dumps and other stores at Margoa. It can be safely presumed that the plaque was presented to the Corp Museum by him. The inscription in Latin means 'Chief Ordnance Officer of Ordnance Depot'

This is the Buggy of Maharaja Hari Singh, the Maharaja of Kashmir.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_underworld

The Indian mafia refers to certain criminal organizations found in some of India's major cities. What is referred to as the Mumbai Mafia^{[citation needed]} is an organised body of criminals, is the biggest part of the Indian mafia. Its actual size, and thus the extent of its influence, is unknown because it is the least heard-of internationally. The first of mafia elements, or syndicates, perhaps had their origins in the gambling and bootleg liquor dens set up Karim Lala^[1] in the 1940s. He was succeeded by Varadarajan Mudaliar, a Tamil migrant who arrived to Bombay along with an influx of south-Indian migrants. The increasing restrictions placed on the Indian economy by the socialist regimes of those days gave the Bombay underworld increasingly more means by which they could expand their activities^{[citation needed]}. Ramabhai Naik in 1986 gunned down supari-king Karim Lala's nephew, the dreaded Samad Khan, and paved the way for Dawood Ibrahim.

A colleague of his, who was placed in jail during the Indian Emergency (1975 - 77), Mastan Mirza, more famously known as Haji Mastan also played a key role in structuring illegal gambling as an organised business.

After the collapse of the cotton mills based textile industry in Mumbai in the 1980s, many workers were left unemployed, furthering the environment for crime that already existed. Various underworld dons rose to power.

As Mastan's influence in Bollywood grew, he began to produce films and cast his mistress, an aspiring starlet, into small roles. He was also known for his links with the legendary actor Dilip Kumar. During the Indian Emergency (1975 - 77) he was imprisoned. Haji Mastan become as a Muslim leader in 1984.

D-Company was formed by Dawood Ibrahim, an acolyte of Hajji Mastana, and a descendant of migrants from the Konkan coast Ratnagiri district to be specific. It was amongst the most powerful criminal organisations in the world in the 80s, with many illegal and legal business ventures under Dawood's control. His group eventually split up creating separate gang of Chotta Rajan, sometime during the mid-nineties due to his use of communal violence for personal gain. Where his mafia had previously been secular, it now broke up on communal lines. Soon after the Bombay riots, a series of blasts that took place in Bombay in 1993 and changed Bombay underworld completely, he was accused, both by former colleagues and the police, for orchestrating the blasts. It is thought that in an attempt to gain political support from religious radicals that would legitimise him as more than a crook, he collaborated with various terrorist organisations. This led to the fragmentation of his criminal empire when Chotta Rajan, his lieutenant, broke away and gained support of powerful right-wing Hindu Nationalist politicians. Soon after the bombings he was forced to flee the city (now renamed Mumbai) and the country. Dawood Ibrahim reportedly now lives in Karachi or Dubai, and controls what is left of D-Company from there. The last known public contact with him was when a Times reporter once interviewed Dawood in Karachi.

The Indian Mafia in the meantime has spread to other parts of India and has diversified onto various activities. In Mumbai, with the adoption of new police policies, crime has been going down in Mumbai and the mafia has been forced to flee the city to safer havens. Many of its crime bosses operate from different parts of the world, controlling the Mafia within India.

Muthappa Rai is an underworld don, currently based in a locality at the outskirts of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. He was in the most wanted list of criminals of Karnataka. During the peak of his underworld days Rai had a well etablished criminal network across major cities of Karnataka like Bangalore and Mangalore . Rai had controlled underworld activities in Bangalore for a long period with a well established syndicate which mostly comprised gangsters from the coastal city Mangalore as also Mumbai. He was said to have links with Mumbai underworld big shots like Chotta Rajan. Mr. Rai now claims to be reformed and leads a less hyped life as a real estate developer/social worker.

Jairaj Murder

Rai attained notoriety in the underworld with the murder of the then underworld don of Bangalore M.P.Jairaj in 1989. Jairaj's murder changed the underworld scene of Bangalore as that was the first time a revolver was used to kill somebody in Bangalore. Till then murders were carried out with knives and swords. Jairaj was supposed to have been very powerful and had links with many big shots in the government.

[edit] Growth as criminal

Rai, a Bunt, hails from Puttur, a small town near Mangalore in Dakshina Kannada district. Earlier on, as a Congress worker he was involved in a knife attack to protect his friend who was contesting a local body election. He was a clerk in Vijaya Bank in Puttur. He later opted for a transfer to Mumbai and married his girlfriend, a girl from Coorg against his family's wishes. It is said that in Bombay he was introduced to various underworld figure and their "Gun Culture". He quit his day job to manage a night club named "Omar Khayyam" in Brigade Road, Bangalore. He soon came to control a number of night clubs and was involved in shady real estate deals. He had close links with gangsters such as M.P. Jairaj (who was shot dead in 1989 allegedly at the behest of Rai by men hired from Mumbai in 1989), 'Oil' Shiv Kumar and Sridhar Murthy. Rai and 'Oil' Kumar who were allegedly involved in fuel adulteration rackets, jointly ran several gas stations and were also involved in arms dealing, racketeering and politicking . They fell apart and a gangwar erupted between them, where, aparantly guns were used on both sides. Eventually Kumar was brutally murdered in 1990.

Shifting to Dubai

Rai was arrested by the police while he was settling a real estate deal.

IN 1997, after the murder of Seena, the Karnataka police sought the aid of Interpol to issue a red corner alert against Rai. L. Revanasiddiah, the then Police Commissioner of Bangalore, played a major role in this. Rai's deportation from Dubai on May 29 was the culmination of this effort. (India and the United Arab Emirates signed an extradition treaty in 2000.) Rai was held by the Dubai police in early May on charges of travelling without relevant travel documents. He was handed over to the Interpol in Dubai on May 12.

Online edition of India's National Newspaper
Friday, May 31, 2002

Southern States - Karnataka K. GOPINATHAN

Muthappa Rai brought to Bangalore

By Our Staff Reporter

BANGALORE May 30. The fugitive underworld don, Mutuhappa Rai, who topped the list of "most wanted" criminals of the Bangalore City police, was brought here this morning following his deportation from Dubai to India on Wednesday.

From the Bangalore airport, Muthappa Rai was driven to the office of the Central Bureau of Investigation at Gangenahalli on Bellary Road in one of the four bullet-proof cars which had been kept ready. At least four jeeps with armed policemen escorted the convoy, and police personnel on "Cheetah'' motorcycles provided additional security.

Muthappa Rai, who is said to be associated with the mafia don, Dawood Ibrahim, was reportedly interrogated for hours by CBI and top police officers led by Jeevan Kumar Gaonkar, Joint Commissioner of Police. As many as 19 cases are pending against Rai in the State, including nine in Bangalore.

The Police Commissioner, H.T. Sangliana, told The Hindu that Rai, against whom 16 warrants had been issued, was formally arrested at the airport on his arrival. He said Rai would be produced before an appropriate court, where an application would be moved seeking police custody of the dreaded gangster.

According to reports reaching here, Muthappa Rai was brought to New Delhi from Dubai on Wednesday evening, after the procedures for his deportation had been completed. After interrogation at the CBI headquarters, he was put on a flight to Bangalore at around 6.30 a.m. The flight landed here a little after 8.30 a.m., and Rai was taken to the CBI office.

A team of officers led by the Deputy Commissioner of Police (Crime), Bangalore, Ravindra Prasad, had gone to Dubai to convince the Dubai police and the court that warrants against Rai had been issued in Bangalore.

Mr. Sangliana told presspersons that the question of sending Muthappa Rai back to Dubai did not arise. Rai, who was an Indian citizen, had been deported since he did not have a valid passport, he said. Rai was detained by the authorities in Dubai early this month on charges of travelling on a fake passport. On learning about his arrest, the State police contacted the Interpol Wing of the CBI seeking his deportation.

They sent Rai's fingerprints and details of the criminal cases pending against him to the Interpol Wing. It was said that Rai had fallen out with the underworld don, Sharad Shetty, who is also based in Dubai, and that it was Shetty who told the Dubai authorities that Rai was travelling on a fake passport.

According to a retired Director-General of Police, Rai's local friends may not be arrested because if that happens, "a number of (prominent) heads will roll". He said: "A number of people, from police officers to real estate developers to people in the travel business, have benefited from his (Rai's) actions. A number of real estate developers depend on him for evictions and collection of dues. I know of a leading builder in Bangalore who has been helped by Rai's men in 35 to 40 instances of eviction. Also a number of police officers, including some who worked under me, had contacts with Rai and used to speak to him almost on a daily basis. They may or may not have monetarily benefited from the association but it is a fact that they took his help to nab other criminals and then try to win medals and promotions. Given this situation, the tendency will be to soft-pedal the investigations and sweep under the carpet whatever information that comes up."

Volume 19 - Issue 13, Jun. 22 - Jul. 5, 2002

http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1913/19131270.htm

Apple

Scientific name: Pyrus spp.

Medicinal value
It is used to treat constipation, lower cholesterol level, cures heart diseases and prevents infection if rubbed after crushing apple leaves on fresh wound.

Religious importance
It is used as a healing incense and an offering on samhain to the dead, since it is a symbol of immortality. Apple blossoms are used in love as well as gift for everlasting love. Apple wood is used to make magical wands.

Habitat
The climatic conditions of North America are best suited for the growth of apple. A cool climate is just perfect for its growth.

Sardar Vallabhai Patel National Police Academy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardar_Vallabhbhai_Patel

Vallabhbhai Patel (Gujarati: વલ્લભભાઈ પટેલ, Hindi: सरदार वल्लभभाई पटेल; Vallabhbhāī Paṭel, pronounced [səɾd̪aːɾ ʋəlləbʰbʰai pʌʈeːl] (help·info)) (31 October 1875 – 15 December 1950) was a political and social leader of India who played a major role in the country's struggle for independence and guided its integration into a united, independent nation. In India and across the world, he was often addressed as Sardar (Gujarati: સરદાર Sardār), which means Chief in many languages of India. He is hailed as the Iron Man of India.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Polo

Operation Polo or Police Action refers to the successful Indian military operation which resulted in the integration of the State of Hyderabad and Berar into the Union of India on September 12, 1948.

This was the first large-scale military operation carried out by the independent Indian state .

The military operation was carried out because the State of Hyderabad under Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII, decided to remain independent after the partition of India. Wary of a Muslim ruled state right in the middle of India, Deputy Prime Minister Sardar Patel decided to annex the state of Hyderabad. Though backed by Qasim Razvi's armed militias, known as Razakars, and a distant moral support of Pakistan^[1], the Hyderabad State Forces were easily defeated by the Armed Forces of India within five days.

At that time, Hyderabad state had some 17 polo grounds, largest in India, hence the name Operation Polo.

The dispute

Main article: Political Integration of India

Main article: Partition of India

After the Indian independence in 1947, the country was partitioned on communal lines and Pakistan was carved out as a Muslim nation. The princely states were left free to make whatever arrangement they wished with either India or Pakistan. The Nizam ruled over a cosmopolitan population of over 16 million people, and over lands extending to 82,698 sq.miles of homogeneous territory. These advantages persuaded the Nizam to attempt an independent existence, when the British withdrew from the sub-continent in 1947. He refused to join either India or Pakistan, preferring to form a separate kingdom within the British Commonwealth of nations.

The proposal for independent state was rejected unambiguously by the British government. The Nizam then resolved upon exploring the possibility of independence. Towards this end, he kept up open negotiations with the Government of India regarding the modalities of a future relationship while opening covert negotiations with Pakistan on a similar vein. The negotiations with the then Indian Union were conducted through K. M. Munshi who was the diplomatic envoy and trade agent to the princely state of Hyderabad.^[2] He also concurrently encouraged the activities of the Razakars, a militant Muslim organization under the leadership of Qasim Razvi that vehemently opposed any union with the Government of India. The Razakars were active in violently intimidating the local Hindu population [1] [2] and pledged to maintain the Muslim supremacy in Deccan and Hyderabad State. At the same time, thousands of Muslims flooded into Hyderabad, refugees of Hindu violence. An attempt by some Hindu nationalists to assassinate the Nizam hampered the negotiations being conducted with the Indian Union.

The Nizam repeatedly cited the opinion of the Razakars as evidence that the people of the state were opposed to any agreement with India. This was held by the Government of India to be untenable and disingenuous, and in any case were most eager for Hyderabad to effect a merger with India. Meanwhile, many peasants of the Hyderabad state revolted against the Nizam under the leadership of Communist Party of India.

The Telangana peasant armed struggle was successful in driving out local landlords called Zamindars, and distributing their land to the landless. However, Nizam was able to suppress the armed struggle.
However, majority of his subjects were Hindus and his territory was surrounded on all sides by Indian territory. The resulting violence and exodus of people outside of Hyderabad state prompted the new Indian government to invade and annex Hyderabad under Operation Polo in 1948.

[edit] Sequence of the Operation

Finally, the Police Action against Hyderabad was started on Monday, 13th September 1948. There was hardly any resistance from the Hyderabad forces. The Indian forces reached the outskirts of the city four days later.

On the noon of 17th September, a messenger brought a personal note from the Nizam to K.M.Munshi asking him whether he could see the Nizam at 4-00 p.m. He had not granted Munshi an interview since his appointment as India’s Agent General ten months ago.

Earlier, the Nizam had spent the morning in hectic consultations. His premier had seen him twice already. The Nizam had summoned him the previous day and asked for his resignation by the morning of the next day. The cabinet decided to resign forthwith.

[edit] Resignation of Laik Ali

As soon as Munshi entered the sitting room, a reportedly desolate ruler said: “The vultures have resigned. I don't know what to do”. He handed him the letter of resignation of Laik Ali, the Prime Minister. His hands were shaking. He had this problem for some time, which became pronounced, when he was tense or angry.
Munshi had come to know about the resignation earlier from Laik Ali himself. He said that he was worried about the safety of the citizens. He suggested that Commander-in-Chief of Hyderabad State General El Edroos should be asked to take steps to preserve law and order in the city. The Nizam then sent for his commander-in-chief and told him accordingly

[edit] Nizam’s broadcast

Munshi also suggested that the Nizam might make a broadcast welcoming the Police Action and withdrawing his complaint to the Security Council. Munshi explained and offered to help draft the speech.

It was the Nizam's first visit to the Radio Station. No red carpet was spread for him; no formalities were observed. No music, no anthem was played before or after the broadcast. The speech was in English. Nobody bothered to translate it into Urdu. After the broadcast the Nizam drove back to King Kothi to brood. Munshi on his way to Bolarum found the streets full of excited crowds shouting national slogans. Munshi was mobbed and had to address groups of people en route.

That night the city changed a great deal. Many khaki uniforms were discarded, many beards shaved. The shouting, rampaging crowds of razakars disappeared magically. The citizens emerged from their cocoons. People of all ages came out in throngs waving the tricolour of India.

[edit] The surrender ceremony

The surrender ceremony was fixed at 4 p.m.

General Choudhuri spoke gravely: “I have been ordered by Lt. General Maharaj Rajendresinhji, General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Southern Command to take the surrender of your army”.

“You have it”. “You understand that this surrender is unconditional”. “Yes, I understand”.

Choudhuri smiled and shook hands with Edroos. Then he opened his cigarette case and offered him a cigarette. Edroos proffered a lighter. Choudhuri's team joined them.

The party drove to the residence of India's Agent General. A jubilant crowd cheered the victorious general there. He waved in return and then sat down to discuss the details with Munshi, Edroos and others.

[edit] The Aftermath

There were large scale communal riots in various parts of the state in the immediate aftermath of the military operation. The Nizam received the ceremonial post of Rajpramukh in 1950, but resigned from this office when the states were re-organised in 1956 on linguistic basis and large parts of Hyderabad state went to Bombay state.

http://www.ayurveda-herbal-remedy.com/herbal-encyclopedia/index.html

Aloe Vera Scientific name: Aloe vera, Aloe spp. Medicinal value The gel obtained from the inner part of the aloe leaf is used to treat burns, skin rashes, insect bites, healing wounds by drawing out infection, and preventing infection from starting and chafed nipples from breast-feeding. This gel can also be used internally to keep the bowels functioning smooth. It must be noticed that this medicine when taken internally causes intestinal cramping and there are other herbs that do this job better. This gel is best effective when used fresh rather than "stabilized" gels found in the stores. The fresh gel was used by Cleopatra to keep her skin soft and young.

Religious importance
It is believed that this plant if grown in the kitchen garden prevents burns and mishaps while cooking. It also prevents household accidents and safeguards against evils. It is reported that aloe was used to embalm the body of Christ.

Habitat
It is bets to be grown inside home in pots. The climate of South, as in southern Texas or southern Florida is best for the growth of aloe outside. Aloe being a succulent needs water to keep the leaves fleshy and juicy.
Neem
Scientific name: Azadirachta indica

Medicinal value
It is used to treat wounds, burns, sprains, bruises, earache, headache, fever, sore throat, food poisoning, shingles, colds, flu, hepatitis, mononucleosis, fungal infections, yeast infections, sexually transmitted diseases, acne, skin diseases, heart diseases, blood disorders, kidney problems, digestive problems, ulcers, periodontal diseases, nerve disorders, malaria, fatigue and many other ailments. It is being closely studied for combating AIDS, cancer, diabetes, allergies and as birth control for both men and women. It should not be used by internally by pregnant women.

Religious importance
It is believed that Neem leaves purify and bless the area and the couple and its red ash for religious decoration of the body in adulthood. Neem branches were used to cover the body at death, and the wood used to burn the funeral pyre.

Habitat
Neem is a tropical evergreen, native to India, Burma, Southeast Asia and western Africa it can grow to reach 50 feet tall in a desirable climate and tolerates drought and poor soils. It cannot take freezing temperatures, so those in northern climates can grow it as a houseplant. Summer it outdoors, and place near a bright or sunny window in the winter. It needs organic fertilizers, well-drained soil, and as large a pot as possible.

Nettle
Scientific name: Urtica spp.

Medicinal value
This herb is used for treating high blood pressure, anemia, fatigue, edema, menstrual difficulties, eczema, enlarged prostate (especially when combined with Saw Palmetto), urinary tract problems, hay fever and allergies, gout, PMS, rheumatism, ending diarrhea, scurvy, liver and prostate problems. Externally it is used as a compress to treat neuralgia and arthritis. It is very supportive during pregnancy.

Religious importance
It is believed that sprinkled nettle around the room protects and it is burned during ceremonies for exorcism. Stuffed in a puppet and sent back to the sender of a curse or bad spell, it will end the negativity.

Habitat
It is a bothersome weed and the spines on a nettle plant cause painful stinging so it is not advisable to grow in the herbal garden.

Nutmeg Scientific name: Myristica fragrans Medicinal value Nutmeg relieves chronic nervous problems as well as heart problems, it aids in digestion and relieves nausea. Large doses can be poisonous and causes miscarriage for pregnant women. Religious importance It is believed that if nutmeg is carried it helps with clairvoyance and wards off rheumatism.

See full-size image.

unitproj1.library.ucla.edu/biomed/spice/image...
876 x 600 - 108k
Image may be scaled down and subject to copyright.

http://unitproj1.library.ucla.edu/biomed/spice/index.cfm?displayID=19

Medicinal Properties Large amounts of nutmeg can provide atropine-like hallucinatory experiences, and it has been reported that this agent enjoyed a reputation as a recreational stimulant in some U.S. prisons. It is likely that the active agent is myristicin. This compound is also present in parsley, dill and star anisè, but in very small amounts. Interestingly, the Czech physiologist who studied vision, Purkinje, reported on his own experiences of nutmeg-induced hallucinations. Some may feel that the prior exalted role of nutmeg and spice in the culinary repertoire represents a mass hallucinatory response to modish fashions.

See chemicals in spices.

Historical View “Nutmeg [and mace] possess like the other spices, aromatic, stimulant, and carminative properties; but in large doses it is narcotic, producing effects, it is said, similar to those of camphor. It has been used with advantage in mild cases of diarrhea, flatulent colic, and certain forms of dyspepsia…”

Bentley, Robert and Henry Trimen. Medicinal Plants; being descriptions with original figures of the principal plants employed in medicine and an account of the characters, properties, and uses of their parts and products of medicinal value. London, Churchill, 1880. (WZ 295 B556m 1880)

Dhanvantri - The Physician of the Gods (Holding the Vase of Immortality)

•

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0067742/

www.bollywood501.com/films/sharmilee/index.html

See full-size image.

maxupload.com/img/44C7CCF7.png
640 x 464 - 468k
findblogers.blogspot.com/2008/04/sharmeelee-1...

Film: "Sharmilee" [AKA "Sharmeelee"] (1971)

Starring: Shashi Kapoor , Raakhee

Director: Sameer Ganguly

Producer: Subodh Mukherjee

Music Director: S D Burman Lyricist: Neeraj

Playback Singers: Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhonsle

Story Writer: Gulshan Nanda

Costume Designer: Laxman Shelke

Art Director: Shanti Das

Ashta Vaidya of Kerala

In Kerala, the family of "Ashta Vaidya" is famous and traditionally provide Ayurvedic and Siddha treatment to the sick. The forefathers of these Asta vaidyas are still today serving in the same manner as centuries ago. This family worships Lord Dhanvantari. Some family members have built temples inside their houses while others have built proper temples in his honour. Near Kotakkalat Pulamantol village, here is a family of ASHTA VAIDYA. This family has a temple of Lord Dhanvantari. Vaidya Madam is near Vadakkancheri. Here the Ashta Vaidya Matra dattan have a statue of Dhanvantri, made of a mixture of five metals. In trishura's Perungva, a big temple is here built by Ashta vaidya. The Ashta Vaidya families are in the following places.

1- Aalyittur 2- Kuttancheri 3- Taikkad 4- Vayaskara 5- Vellod 6- Chirattaman.

It seems that tradition of Lord Dhanwantri worshpping is regularly persisting in the families to families in Kerala.

List of herbs and minerals in Ayurveda

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Ayurveda (Devanagari: आयुर्वेद ) is a form of traditional medicine in use primarily in India. Ayurveda believes that various materials of vegetable, animal, and mineral origin have some medicinal value. The medicinal properties of these materials are time tested and have been used for centuries in ayurvedic medicines to cure illness and/or help maintain health.

Ayurvedic medicaments are made from herbs or mixtures of herbs, either alone or in combination with minerals, metals and other ingredients of animal origin. The metals, animals and minerals are purified by individual processes before being used for medicinal purposes. Impurified materials are not allowed to be used as medicine.

The forms of Ayurvedic medicaments are:

Fresh juice of herbs

Quath (Malayalam : കഷായം ) : Crushed herbs, used as decoction or tea for internal and external uses

Churna : Fine powdered herbs, used as medicine with water or in food for internal and external uses

Taila : Herbs cooked in edible oil according to rules laid down for internal and external uses

Ghrat/Ghrit : Herbs cooked in clarified butter

Asav/Arista/Sura : a kind of light wine obtained from fermentation of herbs

Arka : A distillation of herbs

Rasausadhi/Kharliya Rasayan : Herbs mixed with metals, minerals and animal ingredients

Bhasma : Ashes

Parpaty : combinations of Metals, Minerals, Animal ingredients and Herbs

Kshar/Lavan/Salt/Drava : these are specially prepared medicaments

Guggula based medicaments

Lauha Bhasam : Mandoor Bhasam based medicaments

Avaleha/Modak/Paak/Prash : Herbs cooked in Jaggery or sugar

Bati/Gutika/Goli : Mixtures of medicines shaped in pills, pillules or tablets for ease of administration

Pralep/Anjan/Varti/Dhoop : Liniments, drops, paint, paste etc. for external uses

[edit] Commonly used herbs and minerals

(Names ref.)^[1]

Botanical (Latin) Name	Common (English) Name	Sanskrit Name	Claimed Therapeutic Use (According to Ayurveda)
Acacia concinna	Acacia	Shikakai	Useful in bilious affections, jaundice, malarial fever, preventive to flatulence, mild laxative
Acacia nilotica	Indian Gum Arabic Tree	Babool	Demulcent, astringent, gonorrhoea, leucorrhoea, styptic, diarrhoea, dysentery, diabetes,
Acorus calamus	Sweet Flag	Vacha	Bitter tonic, ague, habitual constipation, atonic dyspepsia, flatulence, paralytic nervous affections, colic, epilepsy, dropsy, glandular diseases, rheumatoc swellings, useful for children's ailments teething etc.
Adhatoda vasica	Malabar Nut	Vasaka	For comfort from bronchitis, whooping cough & bronchial asthma. To support lung functions. Has immune system-boosting properties.
Aegle marmelos	Bael Tree	Bael	For intestinal problems such as amoebic dysentery & diarrhoea. Is digestive, anthelmintic, & anti-inflammatory, useful in irritable bowel syndromes and inflammatory condition of bowels.
Allium sativum	Garlic	Lasuna	To control excess conversion of lipids & cholesterol.
Aloe vera	Indian Aloe	Kumari	Useful in ophthalmic disorders, mild laxative, tonic, increases semen quality, cure vata dosha, poisonous effects, hepatospleenomegaly, spleen and liver disorders, cystic formation, hydrocele, kaphha fever, glands, anomalies of blood, anomalies of skin.
Andrographis paniculata	The Creat	Yavatika	Used in malaria fever, enlargement of liver, chronic and obstinate fever, dropsy, edema, removes constipation, appetiser, useful in infant's disorders such as diarrhoea, colic, vomiting etc.
Anethum sowa	Indian Dill	Satahva	Useful in improving hunger, good appetiser, anti-febric, vermifugal, digestive, abdominal colic, intestinal colic, ophthalmic disorders, pelvic inflammatory disease conditions, analgesic, body pain .
Asparagus racemosus	Asparagus	Shatavari	To nourish the female reproductive system, promote lactation.
Azadirachta indica	Neem	Neem	For skin disorders. Has blood purifying & immune-boosting properties. as an anti-bacterial, anti-fungal agent.
Bacopa monnieri	Bacopa	Brahmi	For improving alertness. As an anti-anxiety agent.
Balsamodendron mukul	Indian Bdellium Tree	Guggulu	Anti-spasmodic, emmenagogue, stimulant, tonic, alterative demulcent, useful in rheumatism, nervous diseases, glands and scrofulous diseases, blood purifier, useful in chronic wounds which do not heal easily.
Benincasa hispada	White Pumpkin	Kushmanda	As a food nourished body, vigour, purifies blood, appetiser, easy to digest, removes constipation, normalise bowel movements / as a remedy useful in mental disorders, epilepsy, mania, psychological disorders and helps to cure all mental diseases and their conditions.
Betula utilis	Himalayan Birch	Bhurjapatra	In ear disorders, bile disorders, anomalies of blood, psychological disorders, anti-obesity, anti-toxin.
Boerhaavia diffusa	Boerhaavia	Punarnava	For efficient kidney & urinary functions. In urinary tract infections.
Capsicum annuum	Red Pepper	Katuvira	Aroused digestive fire, removes kaphha dosha, produce burning sensation, removes indigestion, anti-cholera, helps to heal obstinate wounds, removes hoarseness, sleepiness and perversion of taste, useful in loss of senses and weak pulse condition.
Cassia fistula	Golden Shower Tree	Aragvadha	FRUIT-BODY:Mild laxative, Anti-fever, useful in Cardiac or Heart problems, Rakta Pitta, Hematemesis, Hemorrhages, Arthritis, Vatavyadhi, Colic, , Acidity and acidic eructations, ROOTS: Very strong purgative, should not be used alone
Cedrus deodara	Deodar Cedar	Devadaru	BARK and STEM is used: creates sweating, creates urination, Anti-vata, eliminates Skin disorders, Anti-febril, Anti-edema, Arthritis, Joints pain, Joints swelling, Antitussive, Vermifugal, anomaly of Blood, anomaly of urine etc.
Cinnamomum camphora	Camphor	Karpoora	useful in kaphha, thirst, obesity, burning sensations, throat problems, intestinal worms, mouth freshener, analgesics, antitusive, antipyeratic, excessive sweats, beneficial effects when taken in small quantity [50mg]in Low blood pressure and asthma,
Citrus grandis	Pomelo	Mahanimbu	Vata-kaphha nashak, mild laxative, digestive, appetiser, loss of appetite, abdominal colic, worms, vomiting, nausea
Citrus limon	Lemon	Nimbaka	use as food, increased taste, increased hunger, digestive, help to pass abdominal wind, flatus
Citrus medica	Citron	Bijapura	useful in heart disorders, abdominal colic, Gulm, vomiting, nausea, indigestion, haemorrhoids
Cucumis sativus	Cucumber	Trapusha	Diuretic, useful in heamatamesis, haemorrhages, bleeding, cold in nature, as a food to renal stone patient
Cuminum cyminum	Cumin	Shvetajiraka	SEEDS: smell increasing the taste of food, increased taste, appetiser, Cholagogue, useful in abdominal colic, flatulence, wind formation, offensive flatus, vermifugal, dysentery, diarrhoea, Gulma, indigestion, inflammatory condition of bowels, renal calculus, gonorrhoea, obstruction of urine, nausea, vomiting etc.
Daucus carota	Carrot	Garjira	SEEDS: useful in flatulence, renal disorders, pathophysiology of small and large intestines, salpingitis, Impotency, Female genital disorders, ROOT: vermifugal, spleenomegaly, physical weakness, cholecystitis, problem before delivery, cardiac problems, piles, colic burning sensation, asthma, hiccough, mouth freshener, EXTERNAL: Burns, abscess
Eclipta alba	Thistles	Bhringaraja	JUICE:useful to teeth, skin and hairs, indicated for the treatment of Kaphha-vata disorders, cough, bronchitis, worms, asthma, skin diseases, oedema, mucous disorders, anemia, digestive, support and nourished body, choleggue, hepatomegaly, liver disorders, loss of appetite, vertigo, hepatospleenomegaly, piles, indigestion, headache, weak vision, EXTERNAL; Burns, skin diseases, leucoderma, hair falling, alopecia
Embelia ribes	False Black Pepper	Vidanga	FRUITS:carminative, anthelmintic, stimulant, alterative, anti-dyspeptic, anti-flatulent, skin diseases, rheumatisma, diuretic, laxative, purgative
Eucalyptus globulus	Eucalyptus	Nilgiri Taila	EXTERNAL:deodorant, useful in skin disorders, anti-vermicular, wounds us cervix, wounded piles, smells in Cold and coryza, muscular and joints pain, myopathy: INTERNAL; for excessive salivation, digestive, antipyeretic
Ficus bengalensis	Banyan tree	Vata	Kaphha pitta shamak, ,nausea, diarrhoea, bloody dysentery, haemorrhages, bleeding, dysentery, anomaly of blood, bleeding from all orifices, discoloration of skin, bloody leucorrhoea, leucorrhoea, white discharges feom vagina, help in pregnancy, anomaly of urine, Prameha, ueful for childless women, increased fertility of women
Foeniculum vulgare	Fennel	Shatapushpa	used in Vata-pitta dosha, useful in mental weakness, weakness of eyesight, nausea, vomiting, weak appetite, Flatulence, abdominal wind, abdominal colic, dysentery, piles, cardiac disorders, anomaly of blood, cough, bronchitis, pulmonary disorders, anomaly of urine and urination, fever, skin disorders, weakness, burning sensations
Gaultheria fragrantissima	Indian Wintergreen	Gandapura	OIL:cures Vata, pain, stimulant, antipyeretic, brings sweats, diuretic, antispasmodic, removes pain of all nature, useful in cardiac disorders, joints pain, sciatica, flatulence, wind formation in abdomen, Rheumatic pain, myolitis
Hippophae rhamnoides	Seabuckthorn		BHASAM [Ashes]: used in respiratory disorders, hiccough, asthma, cough, cardiac pain, glandular swellings, rheumatism, arthritis, tuberculosis, pulmonary disorders, joints pain, increases sexual desire in male and female both, Impotency EXTERNAL: paste is applied in Pleuritis, Pneumonia, backache, painful inflammatory condition with swelling
Jasminum officinale	Jasmine	Jati	cold nature, bitter taste, increases Vata and Kaphha Dosha, useful in Burning pain wounds, anomaly of blood, Oral problems, Tooth problems, Eyes disorders, Headache, migraine, antitoxic, OIL: cold, heals wounds, anomaly of blood, useful in skin, head and ophthalmic disorders, stomatitis
Juglans regia	Walnut	Akschota	useful in facial paralysis, cervical lymphadenitis, adenitis, ringworm, edema, dropsy, swelling, fistula, opium poisoning, devermicular, purgative, laxatives, provides strength, pulmonary tuberculosis, cardiac disorders, uric acid diathesis, gout, burning sensations, rheumotoid arthritis, syphilis, gonorrhoea, dermatitis, skin disordres and anomaly of blood, blood purifier,
Lilium polyphyllum	White Lily	Kshirakakoli	useful in increasing the quantity of semen, condensed semen, increasing lactations in feeding mothers, creates sexual excitement both in male and female, increases vitality, vigour
Mimosa pudica	Sensitive plant	Lajjalu	for gynaecological disorders, skin disorders, bleeding piles, amoebic dysentery, diarrhoea.
Mangifera indica	Mango	Amra	RAW MANGO: sour, tasteful, increases Vata & Pitta Dosha, RIPED MANGO: sweet, increases semen quality, appetiser, increases taste, wound healer, anomaly of blood,
Melaleuca leucadendra	Tea Tree	Kayaputi	useful in Hyperpyerexia, gout, uric acid, diarrhoea, skin disorders, bronchitis, cough, dermatitis, joints pain, muscular pain,
Mel despumatum	Honey	Madhu	sweet, cool, easy to digest, removes constipation, better for eyes & voice, beneficial to heart, ripes wounds quickly, useful in obesity, frequent urination, hiccough, asthma, bronchitis, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, emaciation, excessive thirst, haemorrhagic tendency, faintness, burning sensation, healing wound
Mentha arvensis	Mint	Putiha
Mentha piperita	Peppermint		OIL and CRYSTALS: carminative, cool, analgesic, relives painful muscular conditions, smells in Cold and coryza, relives headache, sinusitis, uses both internally and externally. very powerful in action, while use internally, use very small quantity [one drop in four divided doses] with precautions
Nardostachys jatamansi	Musk	Jatamansi
Pinus roxburghii	Chir Pine	Shrivasa
Piper longum	Indian Long Pepper	Pippali
Prunus amygdalus	Almond	Vatadha
Punica granatum	Pomegranate	Dadima
Pyrus malus	Apple	Seva
Rosmarinus officinalis	Rosemary
Salmalia malabarica	Silk Cotton Tree	Shalmali
Santalum album	Sandalwood	Chandana
Sapindus mukorossi	Soapnut Tree	Arishta
Sesamum indicum	Sesame	Til
Sesbania sesban	Egyptian Rattle Pod	Jayanti
Shorea robusta	Sal Tree	Shala
Solanum lycopersicum	Tomato
Trigonella foenum-graecum	Fenugreek	Medhika
Triticum sativum	Common Wheat	Godhuma
Vetiveria zizanioides	Poppy	Ushira
Vitex negundo	Five-leaved Chaste Tree	Nirgundi
Vitis vinifera	Grape	Draksha
Wrightia tinctoria	Sweet Indrajao	Hyamaraka
Xanthoxylum alatum	Toothache Tree	Tumburu
Zinziber officinale	Ginger	Sunthi	in digestive disorders like low appetite, indigestion, nausea, vomiting & motion sickness.
	Alum	Saurashtri	INTERNAL:Bloody dysentery, Dysentery, worms, Remittent and intermittent fever, anti-tussive, EXTERNAL: Piles, wound, traumatic wounds and conditions, stings, itching, eczema, conjunctivitis, leucorrhoea, otorrhoea, gonorrhoea, gargles in pharyngitis, tonsillitis, throat problems
	Conch Shell	Shankha	BHASAM [Ashes]: Loss of appetite, indigestion, peptic ulcers, dueodenal ulcers, hyperacidity, bronchitis, hepatospleenomegaly, Gulm, Asthma, cough, respiratory disorders
	Sodium carbonate	Svarjikshara	INTERNAL:useful in constipation, Diuretic, Gulmanashak, Colic, pain abdominal, worms intestinal, flatulence, eructations, abdominal winds, tympenitis, Irritable bowel syndromes EXTERNAL: promotes suppuration of boils, burns, pimples, leucoderma, white patches of skin
	Sodium Bicarbonate	Tankana	First purify according of Ayurveda directions: Increased digestive fire, Kaphha nashak, antitoxic, cough, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary resoiratory disorders, antipyeritic, Gulm nashak, colic, bodyache, sensation of chilliness etc. spleenomegaly hyperacidity, diminished hunger, stomatitis EXTERNAL:eczema, ringworm, itching of skin, mouth pain in aphthea, vaginal itching, leucorrhoea, hydrocele, mammary gland inflammation, toothache, black spot on face etc.
	Cowrie Shell	Varatika	BHASAM [Ash]: used in colic of all nature, mucous colitis, dysentery, hyperacidity, weak assimilation, diarrhoea, gastritis, gas formation, flatulence, excessive thirst, tympenitis, rumbling in abdomen, loss of appetite, Irritable bowel syndromes, improves digestive power, asthma, bronchitis, otorrhoea, dry cough, Tuberculosis, exhaustive disease conditions, aphthea, stomatitis etc.
	Natural Zinc	Yashad Bhasma	BHASAM [Ash]: used in ophthalmic disorders, night blindness, kaphha-pitta disorders, jaundice, liver disorders, hepatitis, anomalies of urine, diebetes, asthma, cysts, glands, diarrhoea, mucous colitis, dhatu kshaya, tuberculosis, bacillary dysentery, gonorrhoea, impotency, improves digestion, beneficial in vomiting and nausea.
Botanical (Latin) Name	Common (English) Name	Sanskrit Name	Therapeutic Use (According to Ayurveda)

[edit] See also

Ayurveda

[edit] References

^ {{cite book | author=The Himalaya Drug Company| date=2004-01-01| title=Guide To Good Living| publisher=The Himalaya Drug Company, Makali, Bangalore 562 123, India]]

Source for Ayurvedic Herbs in the U.S.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_herbs_and_minerals_in_Ayurveda"

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandavas

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyawanprash

A jar and spoonful of Dabur chyawanprash

http://www.kahc.co.uk/treatments.html

http://www.bestayurveda.com/massage.php

http://www.atharvayurveda.com/content/index.php?id=8

Ashvins

The Ashvins (Sanskrit: अश्विन) (aśvin- "possessor of horses", "horse tamer", "cavalier", dual aśvinau) or Ashwini Kumaras are divine twin horsemen in the Rigveda, sons of Saranya, a goddess of the clouds and wife of either Surya in his form as Vivasvat. They are Vedic gods symbolising the shining of sunrise and sunset, appearing in the sky before the dawn in a golden chariot, bringing treasures to men and averting misfortune and sickness. They can be compared with the Dioscuri (the twins Castor and Pollux) of Greco-Roman mythology.

They are the doctors of gods and are devas of Ayurvedic medicine. They are called Nasatya (dual nāsatyau "kind, helpful" in the Rigveda; later, Nasatya is the name of one twin, while the other is called Dasra ("enlightened giving"). By popular etymology, the name nāsatya was analysed as na+asatya "not untrue"="true".

In the epic Mahabharata, King Pandu's wife Madri is granted a son by each Ashvin God and bears the twins Nakula and Sahadeva who, along with the sons of Kunti, are knowns as the Pandavas.

To each one of them is assigned the number 7 and to the pair the number 14.

Ashvini is the name of an asterism in Indian astronomy, later identified with the mother of the Ashvins. This asterism forms the first of the 27 asterisms that form the zodiac in Indian astronomy. This star is identified as Hamal, the brightest star in the constellation of Aries (Alpha Arietis)

The Ashvins are mentioned 376 times in the Rigveda, with 57 hymns specifically dedicated to them: 1.3, 1.22, 1.34, 1.46-47, 1.112, 1.116-120 (c.f. Vishpala), 1.157-158, 1.180-184, 2.20, 3.58, 4.43-45, 5.73-78, 6.62-63, 7.67-74 8.5, 8.8-10, 8.22, 8.26, 8.35, 8.57, 8.73, 8.85-87 10.24, 10.39-41, 10.143.

Namashivaya!

Dhanvantri - The Physician of the Gods (Holding the Vase of Immortality)

EL86

Dhanvantari, God of Ayurveda, appears as Vishnu, holding medical herbs in one hand

History of Indian Medicine : Containing Notices, Biographical and Bibliographical, of the Ayurvedic Physicians and Their Works on Medicine : From the Earliest Ages to the Present Time/Girindranath Mukhopadhyaya and Bhisagacarya. Reprint. New Delhi, Munshiram Manoharlal, 2003, 3 Vols., lxi, 868 p., $55 (set). ISBN 81-215-0660-3.

Contents: Vol. I: Introduction. 1. Brahma, the originator of the science of life. 2. Bhaskara or the sun. 3. Daksa the prajapati. 4. Kasyapa : reference to Kasyapa.

Vol. II: Preface. Introduction: the present state of Ayurvedic study. 5. Agni. 6. Vrhaspati. 7. Agastya. 8. Bhrgu. 9. Visvamitra. 10. Kamadeva. 11. Dhanvantari. 12. Atri. 13. King Nala.

Vol. III: Preface. Introduction: comparative medicine. 14. Agnivesa. 15. Vrddha Susruta or Susruta. 16. Caraka. 17. Bhiksu Atreya. 18. Kharanada and Kharanadi. 19. Rsyasrnga.

"The present book contains the history of Indian medicine from the earliest ages to the present time, and was awarded the Griffith Memorial Prize for the encouragement of advancedstudy of science and letters by the Calcutta University in 1909. This is a pioneer work of its kind and traces in detail the steady growth of the ancient science of medicine (Ayurveda) from the Vedic times upto the advent of the British rule. To make it complete the learned author has given the account of the prominent sages who promulgated this science. To know the history of medicine in ancient India is to know the entire domain of Indology, as the teachers of medicine were sages who were seers of the Vedic hymns, elaborated the philosophical systems, speculated on the existence of God, and were, in fact, concerned in the intellectual history of ancient India." (jacket)

Valley of Flowers
http://www.vanamaliashram.org/REBIRTH.html
Kedaranath, situated in the Himalayas at a height of 10,500 ft. above sea level, is 384 kilometer
away from Haridwar. Kedarnath with one of the 12 jyothir lingas of Siva, is amongst the premier pilgrimages in India . Kedarnath, is at the head of Mandakini river, in a valley two and half km, surrounded by high snow covered mountains.

As the legend goes, a temple (now extinct ) with 12 Jyothirlingas, was built by the pandavas, at the present site where Adi Sankaracharaya built the present Kedarnath temple behind which Adi Sankaracharya lies in Samadhi.

Badrinath, a citadel to Lord Vis Badrinath Temple hnu, stand at a height of 3,155 m. Badrinath is the place, where Vishnu, Ganga, Saraswathi and Alaknanda confluence. Lakshmi, the consort of Vishnu loved Badri trees that were found in plenty and was named Badrinath.

Sri Badrinath Ji temple devoted to Lord Siva, dates back to the vedic ages, where the wedding of Lord Siva and Parvathi, was solemnized. In the 8th century AD Adi Sankaracharya came to Badri and restored the ancient deity from the Narad Kund and established in the Ganyr cave near Taptakund. (Taptakund is a hot water spring, nearby, which is the abode of Lord Agni). Later the King of Garhwal built the present temple and established the deity here.

The other places of worship in Badrivishal complex are Gupt kashi (Arddh -Narisvara and Viswanath temples), Panch Kedar (Mad Maheswaray, Tungnath, Rudra nath, Kalpanath and Kedarnath) Vyas Gulfa anf Ganes Gulfa (where saint Vyas dictated the Mahabharata to Ganesa ), Bhim pul (where Bhim and Hanuman met ), Hemkund Sahib are other places, where pilgrims offer prayers and oblations.

www.labyrinthos.net/indialabs.htm

Kurukshetra

Temple painting

Painted in Temple of Kali

. The epic relates that at the battle of Kurukshetra, the magician Drona endeavours to ensure victory for the Kaurava army by devising a troop formation, Chakra-vyuha (wheel battle formation), that "the gods themselves could not enter." However, Abhimanyu the son of Arjuna, the only other person who knows the plan of Chakra-vyuha and sworn enemy of Drona, joins the fray on the side of the Pandavas. He knows the way in and kills many enemies along the way to allow the battle to be won. But Abhimanyu never learnt from his father the route out of the labyrinth and was killed at the centre by arrows fired from all sides.

Not surprisingly, perhaps, the Temple of Kali, at Kurukshetra, where the Pandava went to pray before the battle, has a classical labyrinth painted on the floor of a niche in the temple to this day (shown opposite), although it is difficult to know how old this decoration may be.

Whether Chakra-vyuha and the labyrinth symbol were associated from the earliest origins of this story or not, they certainly were by the late 12th or 13th century AD, when two depictions of the Kurukshetra battle were carved on the carved friezes of the Hoysaleshvara and Kedareshvara temples at Halebid in Mysore. Both show an army of warriors arranged in labyrinth form, although the design used in both cases is a modified Classical labyrinth with the central section replaced with a spiral; a variant common in India and rightly labelled the "Chakra-vyuha" type.

The depiction of the battle of Kurukshetra and the Chakra-vyuha labyrinth on the Hoysaleshvara temple at Halebid, Mysore.

santhlavvi.googlepages.com/maintemples

Vaishnodevi Temple:
The holy cave shrine of Vaishno Devi is said to have been built by the five Pandavas. The length of the cave is about 98 ft. The symbols of a large number of gods and goddesses of the Hindu pantheon can be seen here.
Within the cave are ancient images of three deities, the Mahakali, Mahalakshmi and Mahasaraswati. Popular belief holds that anybody who walks up to the shrine of Vaishno Devi to ask for a boon rarely goes back disappointed. There are many who journey here year after year to pay obeisance, regardless of their faith or belief, creed or class for Mata Vaishno Devi transcends all such barriers.
The canopies of the idols are made up of silver and gold. Pilgrims from all over India throng the place all the year round. One has to acquire a pass at Katra, to visit the shrine.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhanvantari

Basics of Ayurveda

Ayurveda is a scientific art to live a healthy life. This is a tradition of health. The tradition started from the creator of earth himself, Brahma and went up to many holy souls, who were the one’s who had freed themselves of all worldly desires by means of spiritual endeavors and acquiring the gift of universal knowledge. This understanding embraces the past, present and future and is till today pure and timeless. The principles are derived from universal laws of nature that have changed little through time. These principals were settled through subjective, objective, and intuitive approaches to gain knowledge, incorporated with a deep understanding of the unseen intelligence of the universe. The practices of Ayurveda have withstood the test of time. Basic Principles of Ayurveda comprise of:

Five Universal Elements: Panchmahabhootas

Today more than 100 elements have been detected by modern scientists. These are the basic elements like; hydrogen, carbon, sodium etc; which unite together to create all the beings, living or non living of our world. Presence of any one of these relative to other elements in any material will decide its physical and chemical qualities and its function in the ecological system of ours.

According to Ayurveda everything in Universe is poised of the Panchmahabhootas – Aakash (Space or ether), Vayu (Air), Teja or Agni (Fire), Jala (Water) and Prithvi (Earth). These are mixed in countless varieties of relative magnitude such that each form of matter is distinctly unique. Although each element has a range of attributes, only some get evident in particular situations. Constantly changing and interacting with each other, they craft a situation of full of life flux that keeps the world going. This all happens under the control of TriGunas.

In a simple, single living cell for example the earth element predominates by giving structure to the cell. The water element is present in the cytoplasm or the liquid within the cell membrane. The fire element regulates the metabolic processes regulating the cell. The air element is the gaseous part therein. The space occupied by the cell denotes the presence of ether, the Aakash

In the case of a complex, multi-cellular organism as a human being for instance, Akash corresponds to spaces within the body (mouth, nostrils, abdomen etc.); Vayu denotes the movement (essentially muscular but nervous system also); Agni controls the functioning of enzymes (intelligence, digestive system, metabolism); Jala is in all body fluids (as plasha, saliva, digestive juices); and Prithvi manifests itself in the solid structure of the body (bones, teeth, flesh, hair et al)

The Panchmahabhootas therefore serve as the foundation of all diagnosis and treatment modalities in Ayurveda and has served as a most valuable theory for physicians to detect and treat illness of the body and mind successfully.
The relationship of Panchmahabhootas with Sense organs, its Properties and Actions are as follows:-

Panchamahabhoota	Sensory Faculty	In Our Body
Space	Sound	All body channels, working for the movement of the nutrients and all other fluids. Vacuumed organs of the body are made of Akash
Air	Touch	Governs inhalation, exhalation, opening and closing of eyelids, locomotion and other motor functions.
Fire	Visual(Sight)	Coarse and bright, pedals temperature and luster of body color. Digestion and assimilation of food is done by it inside the body
Water	Taste	The adhesive force and fluid part of the body is Jal, making things supple and smooth
Earth	Smell	Heavy, immobile, compact and rough. Controls organs as teeth, nails, flesh, skin, tendons and muscles. Sweet taste.

If Percentile involvement of Panchmahabhootas is known, an individual can do better with the health. Sushruta tells in His great text of Ayurveda- “There are five Prakrutis according to the involvement of these five in the body. At Atharvayurveda, we access your Prakruti according to the involvement of Panchamahabhootas also. Go to Prakruti Analysis: Your body type.

Back to Top

Psyche Components- Sattva, Rajas and Tamas

TriGunas are also- character and activity specific just like Panchmahabhootas. As the term ‘Tri' tells – these are three and their characteristic features are as follows:

a. Sattva:
Neutral balanced, positive, Cool! Calm! Sweet! Disturbances can't affect this. High spirits are core of this aspect. This is able to enlighten all the objects by its glow. Rest two may cause any deformities but purity of it's never allows disturbances to invade. Kind as love of nature and pure as blessings of God!

b. Rajas:
Rajas Guna is activity, factor responsible for change, works to rearrange the things and ideas, transaction from darkness to light or vice-versa. It transforms potential energies of life and nature into kinetic energies. New formations anywhere in the world are controlled by this specific factor.

c. Tamas:
Inertia!! Binds things to their places, hates any alteration or renovation. This is orthodox in nature. It makes things to deposit. Negative approach is a big and positive is zero here. Important for a pause, which give the relaxation to all animates.

http://agasthya-ayurveda.blogspot.com/

Church of St. Panteleimon (Nerezi)

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Church of St. Panteleimon

Paintings in St. Panteleimon's Church, Nerezi

The Church of St. Panteleimon in Gorno Nerezi,

Republic of Macedonia,

See full-size image.

www.astroshastra.com/.../Exclucive/default.asp

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180 x 225 - 12k
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Narmdeshwar Shivling

Narmedaswar Shivlings are obtained from the River Narmada in Madhye Pradesh.
It is believed that where there is...
know more..

PAGE CREATED: 2002-05-03

is a small 12th century Byzantine church located in a monastery complex.

The church and monastery are dedicated to St. Panteleimon,

patron saint of physicians.

The church was constructed in 1164 as a foundation of Alexius Angelus Comnenus, a son of Constantine Angelos and Theodora Komnene, a daughter of Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos.

The church has a domed cruciform core, three apses and a rectangular narthex. It is built of irregular stone blocks and brick embedded in thick layers of mortar. The surrounding monastery complex is enclosed by walls.

The frescoes in the church are famous examples of Comnenian Age Byzantine Art, depicting scenes from the Passion of Christ and various hagiographical illustrations. Similar compositions appear in the Latomou monastery in Thessaloniki. The painter of Nerezi appears to have worked in the monastery Veljusa near Strumica as well.

The church was damaged by an earthquake in the 16th century. In the restoration that followed, some of the frescoes in the upper middle region have been repainted. The original marble iconostasis survived the earthquake, but lost its decorative plastic art.

In another restoration attempt in 1885, the larger part of the frescoes in the naos were painted over rather ineptly. During cleaning in 1923, some of the original 12th century frescoes were restored.

The coloring, dramatic composition and purity of expression displayed in the frescoes are outstanding examples of Macedonian medieval monumental painting in the later 12th century.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_St._Panteleimon_(Nerezi)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Church_of_St._Panteleimon

_%28Nerezi%29.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

St._Panteleimon

Major shrine Pantaleon Monastery

in Jordan desert,

Saint Panteleimon the All-Merciful

Feast Date: July27

Icon of Saint Panteleimon, with scenes from his life, 13th century (Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai).

Saint Panteleimon the Healer, by Nicholas Roerich, 1916.

Church of St. Panteleimon, built in 1735-39, is one of the oldest in St. Petersburg.

Church of St. Panteleimon

Category:1164 paintings

http://crch.rbsocc.org/st_pant.html

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Paintings in St. Panteleimon's Church, Nerezi

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http://nilesh-online.blogspot.com/2008/03/wwwnileshonlinetk-shri-hanuman.html

Friday, March 14, 2008

[www.nileshonline.tk] Shri Hanuman Chalisa....English Transliteration / Translation

Shri Hanuman Chalisa

(English Transliteration / Translation) Tulsidas'

most famous and wisely read poem of 40 verses

written in praise of Lord Hanuman.

Many recite it as a prayer on a regular basis

(daily or weekly on Tuesdays and Saturdays).

It is said to provide inner-strength and deliverance from ones troubles.

~*~*~*~*~*~*~

~Shri Hanuman Chalisa

~*~*~*~*~*~*~

Shri Guru Charan Saroj Raj

After cleansing the mirror of my mind with the pollen
Nij mane mukure sudhar

dust of holy Guru's Lotus feet. I Profess the pure,
Varnao Raghuvar Vimal Jasu

untainted glory of Shri Raghuvar which bestows the four-
Jo dayaku phal char

fold fruits of life.(Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha).

~*~
Budhi Hin Tanu Janike

Fully aware of the deficiency of my intelligence, I
Sumirau Pavan Kumar

concentrate my attention on Pavan Kumar and humbly
Bal budhi Vidya dehu mohe

ask for strength, intelligence and true knowledge to
Harahu Kalesa Vikar

relieve me of all blemishes, causing pain.
~*~
Jai Hanuman gyan gun sagar

Victory to thee, O'Hanuman! Ocean of Wisdom-All
Jai Kapis tihun lok ujagar

hail to you O'Kapisa! (fountain-head of power,wisdom
and Shiva-Shakti) You illuminate all the three worlds
(Entire cosmos) with your glory.
Ram doot atulit bal dhama

You are the divine messenger of Shri Ram. The
Anjani-putra Pavan sut nama

repository of immeasurable strength, though known
only as Son of Pavan (Wind), born of Anjani.

~*~
Mahavir Vikram Bajrangi

With Limbs as sturdy as Vajra (The mace of God Indra)
Kumati nivar sumati Ke sangi

you are valiant and brave. On you attends good Sense
and Wisdom. You dispel the darkness of evil thoughts.
Kanchan varan viraj subesa

Your physique is beautiful golden coloured and your dress
Kanan Kundal Kunchit Kesa

is pretty. You wear ear rings and have long curly hair.
~*~
Hath Vajra Aur Dhuvaje Viraje

You carry in your hand a lightening bolt along with a victory
Kandhe moonj janehu sajai

(kesari) flag and wear the sacred thread on your shoulder.

Sankar suvan kesri Nandan

As a descendant of Lord Sankar, you are a comfort and pride
Tej pratap maha jag vandan

of Shri Kesari. With the lustre of your Vast Sway, you are
propitiated all over the universe.
~*~
Vidyavan guni ati chatur

You are the repository of learning, virtuous and fully accom-
Ram kaj karibe ko aatur

plished, always keen to carry out the behest's of Shri Ram.

Prabu charitra sunibe ko rasiya

You are an ardent listener, always so keen to listen to the
Ram Lakhan Sita man Basiya

narration of Shri Ram's Life Stories. Your heart is filled with
what Shri Ram stood for. You therefore always dwell in the
hearts of Shri Ram, Lakshman and Sita.
~*~
Sukshma roop dhari Siyahi dikhava

You appeared before Sita in a Diminutive form and spoke to
Vikat roop dhari lanka jarava

her in humility. You assumed an awesome form and struck
terror by setting Lanka on fire.

Bhima roop dhari asur sanghare

With over-whelming might you destroyed the Asuras
Ramachandra ke kaj sanvare

(demons) and performed all tasks assigned to you by Shri Ram
with great skill.
~*~
Laye Sanjivan Lakhan Jiyaye

You brought Sanjivan (A herb that revives life) and restored
Shri Raghuvir Harashi ur laye

Lakshman back to life, Shri Raghuvir (Shri Ram) cheerfully
embraced you with his heart full of joy.

Raghupati Kinhi bahut badai

Shri Raghupati (Shri Ram) lustily extolled your excellence and
Tum mam priye Bharat-hi sam bhai

said: "You are as dear to me as my own brother Bharat."
~*~
Sahas badan tumharo yash gaave

Thousands of living beings are chanting hymns of your glories;
Us kahi Shripati kanth lagaave

saying thus, Shri Ram warmly hugged him (Shri Hanuman).

Sankadik Brahmadi Muneesa

When prophets like Sanka, even the Sage like Lord Brahma,
Narad Sarad sahit Aheesa

the great hermit Narad himself, Goddess Saraswati and Ahisha
(one of immeasurable dimensions).
~*~
Yam Kuber Digpal Jahan te

Even Yamraj (God of Death) Kuber (God of Wealth) and the
Kavi kovid kahi sake kahan te

Digpals (deputies guarding the four corners of the Universe)
have been vying with one another in offering homage to your
glories. How then, can a mere poet give adequate expression
of your super excellence.
~*~

Tum upkar Sugreevahin keenha

You rendered a great service to Sugriv. You united him with
Ram milaye rajpad deenha

Shri Ram and he installed him on the Royal Throne. By heeding
Tumharo mantra Vibheeshan mana

your advice, Vibhishan became Lord of Lanka. This is known
Lankeshwar Bhaye Sub jag jana

all over the Universe.
~*~
Yug sahastra jojan par Bhanu

On your own you dashed upon the Sun, which is at a fabulous
Leelyo tahi madhur phal janu

distance of thousands of miles, thinking it to be a sweet
luscious fruit.
~*~
Prabhu mudrika meli mukh mahee

Carrying the Lord's Signet Ring in your mouth, there is
Jaladhi langhi gaye achraj nahee

hardly any wonder that you easily leapt across the ocean.

Durgaam kaj jagat ke jete

The burden of all difficult tasks of the world become light
Sugam anugraha tumhre tete

with your kind grace.
~*~
Ram dware tum rakhvare,

You are the sentry at the door of Shri Ram's Divine Abode.
Hoat na agya binu paisare

No one can enter it without your permission,

Sub sukh lahai tumhari sarna

All comforts of the world lie at your feet. The devotees enjoy all
Tum rakshak kahu ko dar na

divine pleasures and feel fearless under your benign Protection.
~*~
Aapan tej samharo aapai

You alone are befitted to carry your own splendid valour. All the
Teenhon lok hank te kanpai

three worlds (entire universe) tremor at your thunderous call.

Bhoot pisach Nikat nahin aavai

All the ghosts, demons and evil forces keep away, with the
Mahavir jab naam sunavai

sheer mention of your great name, O'Mahaveer!!
~*~
Nase rog harai sab peera

All diseases, pain and suffering disappear on reciting regularly
Japat nirantar Hanumant beera

Shri Hanuman's holy name.

Sankat se Hanuman chudavai

Those who remember Shri Hanuman in thought, words and deeds
Man Karam Vachan dyan jo lavai

with Sincerity and Faith, are rescued from all crises in life.
~*~
Sub par Ram tapasvee raja

All who hail, worship and have faith in Shri Ram as the Supreme
Tin ke kaj sakal Tum saja

Lord and the king of penance.

You make all their difficult tasks very easy.
~*~
Aur manorath jo koi lavai

Whosoever comes to you for fulfillment of any desire with faith
Sohi amit jeevan phal pavai

and sincerity, Will he alone secure the

imperishable fruit of human life.

Charon Yug partap tumhara

All through the four ages your magnificent glory is acclaimed far
Hai persidh jagat ujiyara

and wide. Your fame is Radiantly acclaimed all over the Cosmos.
~*~
Sadhu Sant ke tum Rakhware

You are Saviour and the guardian angel of Saints and Sages and
Asur nikandan Ram dulhare

destroy all Demons. You are the angelic darling of Shri Ram.

Ashta sidhi nav nidhi ke dhata

You can grant to any one, any yogic power of Eight Siddhis
Us var deen Janki mata

(power to become light and heavy at will) and Nine Nidhis
(Riches,comfort,power,prestige,fame,sweet relationship etc.)
This boon has been conferred upon you by Mother Janki.
~*~
Ram rasayan tumhare pasa

You possess the power of devotion to Shri Ram. In all rebirths
Sada raho Raghupati ke dasa

you will always remain Shri Raghupati's most dedicated disciple.

Tumhare bhajan Ram ko pavai

Through hymns sung in devotion to you, one can find Shri Ram
Janam janam ke dukh bisravai

and become free from sufferings of several births.
~*~
Anth kaal Raghuvir pur jayee

If at the time of death one enters the Divine Abode of Shri Ram,
Jahan janam Hari-Bakht Kahayee

thereafter in all future births he is born as the Lord's devotee.

Aur Devta Chit na dharehi

One need not entertain any other deity for Propitiation, as
Hanumanth se hi sarve sukh karehi

devotion of Shri Hanuman alone can give all happiness.
~*~
Sankat kate mite sab peera

One is freed from all the sufferings and ill fated contingencies of
Jo sumirai Hanumat Balbeera

rebirths in the world.

One who adores and remembers Shri Hanuman.

Jai Jai Jai Hanuman Gosahin

Hail, Hail, Hail, Shri Hanuman, Lord of senses. Let your victory
Kripa Karahu Gurudev ki nyahin

over the evil be firm and final. Bless me in the capacity as my
supreme guru (teacher).
~*~
Jo sat bar path kare kohi

One who recites Chalisa one hundred times, becomes free from the
Chutehi bandhi maha sukh hohi

bondage of life and death and enjoys the highest bliss at last.

Jo yah padhe Hanuman Chalisa

All those who recite Hanuman Chalisa (The forty Chaupais)
Hoye siddhi sakhi Gaureesa

regularly are sure to be benedicted.

Such is the evidence of no less a
witness as Bhagwan Sankar.
~*~
Tulsidas sada hari chera

Tulsidas as a humble devotee of the

Divine Master, stays perpetually at
Keejai Das Hrdaye mein dera

his feet, he prays "Oh Lord!

You enshrine within my heart & soul."
~*~
Pavantnai sankat haran,

Oh! conqueror of the Wind, Destroyer of all miseries, you are a
Mangal murti roop.

symbol of Auspiciousness.
Ram Lakhan Sita sahit,

Along with Shri Ram, Lakshman and Sita, reside in my heart.
Hrdaye basahu sur bhoop.

Oh! King of Gods.
~*~~*~~*~~*~~*~

Sriram Savarkar
Hinduism is more a way of life than a method of worship.
Dharmo Rakshati Rakshithaha
If you protect Dharma, Dharma will in turn protect you

Category:12th century Byzantine paintings

IT IS REALLY SAD THAT IN A DEMOCRATIC SET UP WHEREIN ALL CASTES AND CREEDS ARE BESTOWED EQUAL RIGHTS BY THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA ,THE ANCIENT HERITAGE UNDER THE CARE AND SUPERVISION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA SHOULD BE SO SABOTAGED BY A SET OF FANATIC FUNDAMENTALISTS WHO ARE ONLY A BUNCH OF FILTHY CRIMINALS WHO ARE MISUSING RELIGION FOR LOOT AND EASY GAIN.THEY DO NOT WANT TO EARN AN HONEST LIVELIHOOD BUT SUBSIST LIKE PARASITES AND FUNGUS ON HONEST PERSONS HARD EARNED LIVELIHOODS AND CREATE UNBEARABLE CONDITIONS FOR OTHERS SO THAT THEY CAN LIVE A LIFE OF SIN AND BIGOTRY

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigotry

Forms of Bigotry

THEY HATE OTHER PEOPLE FLOURISHING AND WANT TO DESTROY ALL THAT IS SACRED AND BELOVED ESPECIALLY FEELINGS OF NATIONALISM,FAMILY VALUES AND GOD.
BUILDER MAFIA OF OSAMA BIN LADEN IS ONE SUCH FULL RANGE OF BIGOTRY,BEING MANNED BY EMAAR MGF,ANSALS,DLF OF GURGAON BAAP KA MAAL,STERLITE AND RELIANCE IN INDIA POWERED BY BRITISH FUEL.

IN THIS AGE OF HIGH POWERED TECHNOLOGY AND THE FILTHY AIMMS RESEARCH THAT IRELAND USED IN 1993 TO MAKE A SHIVA PARVATI ARDHNARESHWAR OF MY DAUGHTER'S HEMIHYPOTROPHIC BODY ,THESE FILTHY GUTTERS DO NOT KNOW HOW TO WATERPROOF THE LOWER BUILDING WHEN THEY DO CONSTRUCTION ON AN UPPER FLOOR AND THAT ALSO ON GOVERNMENT CONTRACT ?

IT THESE SAME FILTHY BUILDER MAFIA OF DIGVIJAY SINGH INDORE WHO DROVE OUT MY HONEST CIVIL ENGINEER BROTHER MR.VIPIN DHODY OUT OF INDORE AS HE DARED TO DEFY THEIR FILTHY DISHONEST DESTRUCTIVE WAYS OF BUILDING.
THE INDIAN OIL BHAVAN IN DELHI STANDS STRAIGHT AND TALL AS CONSTRUCTED BY MY BROTHER AS ALSO THE OFFICERS STATE BANK OF INDORE BUNGALOWS ,WHERE THE SUPERVISORS USED TO WIELD RAMPURI KNIVES AT MY BROTHER FOR STEALING FROM THE SITE OR OTHERWISE HE WAS FORCED TO SIGN ON SUBSTANDARD BUILDING MATERIALS SANCTIONED BY HIS AGMS IN INDORE.

IT IS THIS SAME BUILDER MAFIA WHO HAVE BEEN GIVEN A GOVERNMENT CONTRACT TO BUILD ON THE TRIBAL MUSEUM AND HAVE SPOLIT PRICELESS OLD BOOKS DETAILING THE LIFE AND CULTURE OF THE TRIBALS OF INDIA AS ALSO A N ANCIENT PRICELESS COPY OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA.

PLEASE SEE PHOTOS OF THE HORROR SEEPAGE INTO THE LIBRARY MEANT FOR RESEARCH SCHOLARS.ALSO SEE HOW THEIR TRADEMARK OF FILTH AND GUTTERS HAVE TAKEN THE SHAPE OF A MOUNTAIN AT THE CONSTRUCTION SITE.

PLEASE ALSO SEE THAT THE TRIBALS HAVE A CULTURE OF ANCIENT MEDICINES OF AYURVEDA WHICH THEY FIND FROM THE FORESTS.THIS SAME CAN BE BROUGHT TO DELHI AND SOLD FROM THE HANDICRAFTS MARKETS AT BABA KHARAG SINGH MARG DELHI .THE TRIBALS OF JHABUA AND CHATTISGARH ARE ESPECIALLY PROFICIENT IN FINDING SUCH MEDICINES FROM THE JUNGLE WHICH ARE NOT ONLY VERY EFFECTIVE IN ALL KINDS OF AILMENTS BUT ALSO VERY MILD AND PURE.
PLEASE ALSO SEE HOW THE BUILDER MAFIA DESTROYED NOT ONLY MY FAMILY BUT ALSO MY IDENTITY AS A WOMAN SINCE 2002 USING THEIR DEFINITE FORMS OF IMPALING{2 a : to pierce with or as if with something pointed; especially : to torture or kill by fixing on a sharp stake b : to fix in an inescapable or helpless position}THIS THEY GOT DONE FROM A HEINOUS MAN WHOM I SUPPOSEDLY MARRIED CALLED KALRA THE UGLY AS ALSO CONTINOUS PHYSICAL AND VERBAL/EMOTIONAL TORTURE.

1.2002-PULLED MY FEET AND BANGED MY HEAD AGAINST THE WALL.MADE AN EXTREMELY UNHOSPITABLE HOUSE WITH WEIRD HORROR PATTERNS IN 1513,OUTRAM LANE ,DELHI ;WITH CHEAP WOOD WORK WHICH GOT INFESTED WITH FUNGUS AND TERMITE BY 2003 ITSELF .EXTREMELY FILTHY KITCHEN WITH FILTHY GRAVE STONES ON WHICH NOTHING CAN BE HUNG EVEN WITH NAILS. ALL THIS FOR DEFYING THE BUILDER MAFIA AT INDORE.

2.2003-PULLED OUT ALL MY FRONT HAIR ON SCALP AND TOOK MY NUDE PICTURES .
i shifted to Delhi in MAY 2003 AND WAS THROWN TO BUIDER MAFIA CROCODILES WHO WERE DOING FILTHY LONG DRAWN OUT CONSTRUCTION OF 1ST FLOOR AND CREATED FILTHY CONDITIONS FOR ME SO THAT I TOOK TO ABUSING IN THEIR TONGUE TO WARD OFF THEIR EVIL INTENTIONS.
UNPROTECTED IN A NEW PLACE EVEN THE SINGLE SERVANT THAT I EMPLOYED WAS REMOVED AND NO ONE IN THE ENTIRE AREA WAS READY TO WORK IN MY HOUSE INSPITE OF HAVING EMPLOYED SERVANTS FROM CHILDHOOD AND GIVING THEM WHOLESOME WORKING CONDITIONS.HELL WAS CREATED FOR A GOD FEARING ; HARD WORKING WOMAN WHO HAD POOLED HER ENTIRE EARNINGS IN THE RUNNING OF THE HOUSEHOLD SINCE 1987.

3.2004 -BEAT ME UP MERCILESSLY AND ON COMPLIANT AT MUKHERJEE NAGAR THANA TO PC MANN SIKH KHALISTANI SHO ON 13-7-2004 GOT ME ADMITTED AT GANGA RAM HOSPITAL ON PRETEXT OF MEDICAL AND SETHI AND MUKHERJEE PSYCHIATRISTS CLASSIFIED ME AS SUFFERING FROM MANIAC DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS.FED ME WITH FILTHY PSYCHIATRIC MEDICINES FOR EIGHT MONTHS AS A RESULT OF WHICH MY PERIODS STOPPED,I GAINED WEIGHT HORRIBLY WAS ALWAYS SLEEPING AND BECAME A VEGETABLE FROM A GOLD MEDALLIST IN PSYCHOLOGY.GOT LATIKA RANA IN OCTOBER WITH HER MOTHER TO LIVE ON THE FIRST FLOOR AND SEXED THEM IN FRONT OF MY EYES.
A.)DISFIGUREMENT WAS AIMED AT DESTROYING ME MONETARILY AND PSYCHOLOGICALLY AS I WAS A BEAUTICIAN WHO HAD ADVOCATED WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT THEREIN AS ALSO BEAUTIFYING MOTHERS IN THEIR PRIME TO WARD OF EVIL OPEN MORALS WOMEN FROM THEIR HOMES.
B.)DISFIGUREMENT WAS ALSO AIMED AT CONTORTING MY FACIAL FEATURES SO THAT IF THESE HYENAS KILLED ME- MY REPLACEMENT WHO WAS SO PHOTOGRAPHED TO LOOK ALIKE TO ME COULD BE REPLACED IN MY SHOES DOING MY WORK-ALIAS LATIKA RANA WHOSE PHOTOS HAVE BEEN PASTED BY ME ON PREVIOUS BLOG POSTS.

4.2005 GUTTERED SEX WITH RANAS AND BOMBED THE CITY ON 29-10-2005

5.2006-TRIED TO GORGE OUT MY EYES ON 13-1-2006 MY SON'S SIXTEENTH BIRTHDAY AND SEVERELY DAMAGED MY RIGHT EYE.SIMULTANEOUSLY HIS GOONS DESTROYED THE KINGSWAY NURSERY WHICH WAS A RICH EXPANSE OF PLANTS OF ALL VARIETIES FOR SALE.

6.2007-2008-EXTREME CRUELTY AND MENTAL TORTURE WHERE I WAS EVEN DENIED FOOD AND CLOTHES THE BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF A HUMAN BEING.THIS IS BUILDER MAFIA OF OSAMA BIN LADEN -SUPPOSEDLY DOING RELIGIOUS CONSTRUCTION AT MECCA.

IT IS REALLY HORRIFYING THAT PEOPLE ARE SUCH ANTI ARMY AND ANTI NATIONALS BY RELIGION.
SAROJ [MEANING LOTUS]DANI WAS NAMED BY HER PARENTS AND SHE GOT MARRIED TO A MAN WHO LOOKED EXACTLY LIKE LATIKA RANA'S FATHER.HE WAS A GHAR JAMIA AND THEY MADE A HOUSE IN BARAT COMPOND IN 14/9 ADDRESS.
THE FILTHIEST PART IS THAT SAROJ DANI AN EXTREMELY VICIOUS AND VILE WOMAN,ARYA SAMAJHI,LOCAL SOAP MANUFACTURER'S DAUGHTER, NAMED HER SON HOOKI -A WEIRD PET NAME BUT RELEVANT IF WE SEE THE INA TRIAL SMARAK SALIMGARH RED FORT WITH ITS DISPLAY OF HOOKS
FOR THE PATRIOTS.SAME IS IMPLIED BY LATIKA AS WELL AS IN THE CARD WHICH WAS GIVEN TO ME BY KALRA HAVING USE OF THE WORDS "TANGIBLE" AND
"INTANGIBLE"-HEINOUS SYMBOLISM USED FOR IDOL WORSHIP.
THE BATHROOM OF THE FIRST FLOOR 1513 OUTRAM LANE IS IN THE SAME PATTERN AS FIRST FLOOR 14/9 NAPIER TOWN THAT WE OCCUPIED IN JABALPUR

See full-size image.

ttiblakemore.com/.../Hooks/DAIICHI/D87Z.jpg

Wikipedia: meat hook

Meat hooks at a butcher.

A meat hook is a two-sided hook normally used in butcheries

to hang up meat or the carcasses of animals such as pigs.

is also the term for an implement used to move carcasses

consisting of a heavy metal hook with a T-shaped handle.

See full-size image.

www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/images/n0/n317.jpg
280 x 475 - 18k
Image may be scaled down and subject to copyright.

www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/c/robin-cook/coma.htm

See full-size image.

www.ikoopjes.be/images/boeken/thrillers/B1171.jpg
250 x 444 - 37k
Image may be scaled down and subject to copyright.

	See full-size image. content.answers.com/.../webpics/Robin_Cook.jpg 152 x 194 - 17k Image may be scaled down and subject to copyright.
Below is the image in its original context on the page: www.answers.com/topic/robin-cook

Works: Works by Robin Cook

(b. 1940)

1977

Coma. Cook, a surgeon and clinical instructor at Harvard Medical School, helps create the genre
of the medical thriller in his first novel,
depicting a black market for human organs.
The novel was adapted as a film in 1978.

GANGARAM HOSPITAL-DELHI

http://www.sgrh.com/
Multi-Organ Transplantation
Psychiatry (Mental problems)

Dr. I. C. Sethi

K P Singh, Chairman, DLF Group. Photograph courtesy: DLF

His plan leaked and he was summoned. The colonel in charge

DPM, MD The Tenants Of Dirt Street by Robin Cook

See full-size image.

cache.viewimages.com/xc/2830933.jpg?v=1&c=Vie...

Retired Consultant

Department of Psychiatry

Medical School: Grant Medial College, Bombay (DPM)

Special Training: National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (MD)

Interests: Geriatric psychiatry

Residence:

G-62, Sector 25

Noida - 201301

Tel: 95120-2442505

Mobile: 9810728658

Email: sarojsethi1@rediffmail@com

Fax: 95120-2535388

Private OPD: Mon-Sat

12 noon-2 pm

Second Clinic: G-62, Sector 25

Noida - 201301

Tel: 91-4535388

91-4442505

Timings: 7-9 pm

Mon-Sat

http://www.dlf.in/wps/portal/DLFCity?jspName=aboutus/chairmans_profile

The DLF Group was founded in 1946. We developed some of the first residential

colonies in Delhi such as Krishna Nagar in East Delhi, which was completed in 1949.

Since then we have been responsible for the development of many of Delhi’s other

well known urban colonies, including South Extension, Greater Kailash, Kailash

Colony and Hauz Khas.

Following the passage of the Delhi Development Act in 1957, the state assumed

control of real estate development activities in Delhi, which resulted in restrictions

on private real estate colony development. We therefore commenced acquiring land

at relatively low cost outside the area controlled by the Delhi Development Authority,

particularly in the district of Gurgaon in the adjacent state of Haryana.

This led to our first landmark real estate development project –

DLF Qutab Enclave, which has now evolved into DLF City. DLF City is spread

over 3,000 acres in Gurgaon and is an integrated township, which includes

residential, commercial and retail properties in a modern city infrastructure

with schools, hospitals, hotels and shopping malls. It also boasts of the

prestigious DLF Golf and Country Club with night golfing facilities.

Born on August 15, 1931, at Bulandshahar in Uttar Pradesh, Mr. K. P.

Singh comes from a family of successful landlords and lawyers. After

graduating in Science from Meerut College, he went to UK to pursue higher

studies in Aeronautical Engineering. Along the line, Mr. Singh got selected

to the prestigious Indian Army, by British Officers services Selection Board, UK.

Subsequently, he joined the Indian Military Academy at Dehradun.

He thereafter was commissioned into The Deccan Horse- a renowned cavalry

regiment of The Indian Army. In the year 1960, he joined American Universal

Electric Company, a joint venture between Universal Electric Company of Owosso,

Michigan and the Singh family. Subsequently, he promoted another company, i.e.

Willard India Limited in collaboration with ESB inc of Philadelphia for manufacturing

automatic and industrial batteries in India and became its Managing Director.

In the year 1979, he joined DLF Universal Limited. American Universal Company

merged with DLF Universal Limited and Mr. Singh became the Managing

Director of this new company. Today, the Group has established a national

position as a comprehensive and optimum value solution provider

combining high-end technology, design and aesthetics in order to meet its

customer aspirations across the residential, commercial and retail segments

the real estate industry

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/
shows/binladen/
who/family.html
Posted by : mamtaomsharan ( 29:05:2004 11:46 ) | Post a reply to this message
Topic : SEBI CHIEF’S INNOVATION AND REGULATION ON THE UNBRIDLED FOREIGN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS-REFERENCE-ET


SLP(C)No. 938 OF 2003
ITEM No.64 
Court No. 5
SECTION XIV
                                                          

                S U P R E M E   C O U R T
O F
I N D I A
                          RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS

   Petition(s) for Special Leave to Appeal
(Civil) No.938/2003

   (From the judgement and order dated
10/09/2002 in
CWP 1940/02
   of The HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT N. DELHI)


  BIRLA VXL LTD.
Petitioner (s)

                              VERSUS

  DLF UNIVERSAL LTD.
http://www.dlf-group.com/
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLF_Universal
Respondent (s)

(With prayer for interim relief)

  Date : 03/02/2003 This  Petition  was  called on for
hearing today.

  CORAM :
           HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE R.C. LAHOTI                   
           HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE BRIJESH KUMAR                 
                                                             

  For Petitioner (s) Mr. K.K. Venugopal, Sr. Adv.
    Mr. L.K. Bhushan, Adv.
    Ms. Jasleen Oberoi, Adv.
                      Mrs. Shiraz Contractor Patodia,Adv.

  For Respondent (s) Mr. J.C. Seth, Adv.
                      Mr. B.K.Satija,Adv.


UPON hearing counsel the Court made the following
O R D E R 

  List on 4.2.2003.
http://www.uiic.co.in/

 ( P.D. Balodi )

( Radha R. Bhatia )
  Court Master
Court Master

 http://www.birla-vxl.com/

http://www.digjam.co.in/http://www.lmu.edu/Page32597.
aspx?Date
Time=633040276200000000&PageMode=View
http://www.uiic.co.in/
http://www.uiic.co.in/contactus.jsp

Regd. & Head Office 
# 24 , Whites Road  
Chennai-600014 
India 
Phone:091-044-28520161

United India Insurance Company Limited was incorporated as a Company on 18th February 1938. General Insurance Business in India was nationalized in 1972. 12 Indian Insurance Companies, 4 Cooperative Insurance Societies and Indian operations of 5 Foreign Insurers, besides General Insurance operations of southern region of Life Insurance Corporation of India were merged with United India Insurance Company Limited. After Nationalization United India has grown by leaps and bounds and has 18300 work force spread across 1340 offices providing insurance cover to more than 1 Crore policy holders. The Company has variety of insurance products to provide insurance cover from bullock carts to satellites.

United India has been in the forefront of designing and implementing complex covers to large customers, as in cases of ONGC Ltd , GMR- Hyderabad International Airport Ltd, Mumbai International Airport Ltd Tirumala-Tirupati Devasthanam etc. We have been also the pioneer in taking Insurance to rural masses with large level implementation of Universal Health Insurance Programme of Government of India & Vijaya Raji Janani Kalyan Yojana ( covering 45 lakhs women in the state of Madhya Pradesh) , Tsunami Jan Bima Yojana (in 4 states covering 4.59 lakhs of families) , National Livestock Insurance and many such schemes.

We have also made our presence in more than 200 tier II & II towns and villages through our innovative Micro Offices.

http://www.fortliberty.org/american-flag/american-flag.shtml

http://www.indianarmy.gov.in/araoc.htm

EVOLUTION OF AOC CREST

1855 - The Insignia of British Board of Ordnance

1896 - The Ordnance Department Crest adopted after amalgamation Of the three

presidencies of Bengal, Madras and Bombay.

1918 - The prefix "Royal" was adopted by the Corps for meritorious service during

The Ist World War.

1922 - Formation of Indian Army Ordnance Corps and its crest.

1954 - The present crest. The motto "Shastra Se Shakti" was adopted in Feb 78.

In 1989 the Hindi lettering of "Shastra se Shakti" was adopted.

The present location of the Kangla Tongbi War Memorial at CMM Jabalpur

“Triumphant over flesh and pain they died our day of peace to Gain.”
The Kangla Tongbi war memorial was erected near a village named Kangla Tongbi at Mile 8 on the Imphal - Dimapur road in the memory of personnel of 221 Advance Base Depot who laid down their lives to repulse several waves of Japanese attacks and succeeded in safe evacuation of Ordnance stores to an alternate site from 5 to 7 Apr 1944.

Erected by DOS India and members of RAOC / IAOC in the memory of the officers and men who gave their lives during the years 1942-1945 of the Second World War.

'Triumphant Over Flesh and Pain They Died Our Day of Peace to Gain.'
The original memorial was erected on 15th Apr 1946 from local stone and the main epitaph displayed above is of black Naga stone. The memorial was shifted to Jabalpur on 27 Dec 1976 and shifted to its present location at College
of
Materials Management, Jabalpur on
20 feb 1982.
Colours Of The Corps

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajit_Jogi

Gujarat 2007: Ajit Jogi releases Congress Manifesto in Surat
02:44

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INDIA

Friday, May 9, 2008

OPERATION POLO OF SARDAR VALLABHAI PATEL

Post-war reorganization

Jairaj Murder

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Shifting to Dubai

The dispute

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[edit] Resignation of Laik Ali

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Ashta Vaidya of Kerala

List of herbs and minerals in Ayurveda

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Church of St. Panteleimon (Nerezi)

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Category:1164 paintings

Category:Paintings in St. Panteleimon's Church, Nerezi

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Friday, March 14, 2008

[www.nileshonline.tk] Shri Hanuman Chalisa....English Transliteration / Translation

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